Now that I think of it, I think the Database Wizard would update values in shapes on the page.
The masters would be pre-configured with the DB links, which is kind of what you want, but the updates to data would still happen to shapes on the page, not in the master. But I think you are trying to make a sort of "versioning mechanism", so this isn't quite going to work.
I need to research the end-user features more one of these days. I'm so used to doing development work! I wouldn't be surprised if there is something built-in that will do what you want, but I wouldn't be surprised if there isn't, too.

Regardless, for 1700 masters, I would still recommend building your own tool. You'll have a much better feeling that things got done correctly. Even a "reporting" tool would be good for checking -- "All masters on stencil abc.vss have 3 Shape Data fields, with the current date in the version cell..." You get the idea.